The name originated from a blend of the words wiki and encyclopedia. Wikipedia was launched on Janu as a single English-language edition at and announced by Sanger on the Nupedia mailing list. The domains (later redirecting to ) and were registered on January 12, 2001, and January 13, 2001, respectively. On January 10, 2001, Sanger proposed on the Nupedia mailing list to create a wiki as a "feeder" project for Nupedia. Wales is credited with defining the goal of making a publicly editable encyclopedia, while Sanger is credited with the strategy of using a wiki to reach that goal. Nupedia was initially licensed under its own Nupedia Open Content License, but before Wikipedia was founded, Nupedia switched to the GNU Free Documentation License at the urging of Richard Stallman. Its main figures were Bomis CEO Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger, editor-in-chief for Nupedia and later Wikipedia. It was founded on March 9, 2000, under the ownership of Bomis, a web portal company. Wikipedia began as a complementary project for Nupedia, a free online English-language encyclopedia project whose articles were written by experts and reviewed under a formal process. Various collaborative online encyclopedias were attempted before the start of Wikipedia, but with limited success. Wikipedia founders Jimmy Wales (left) and Larry Sanger (right) Articles on breaking news are often accessed as a source of frequently updated information about those events. It has been censored by world governments, ranging from specific pages to the entire site. While the reliability of Wikipedia was frequently criticized in the 2000s, it has improved over time, receiving greater praise in the late 2010s and early 2020s, having become an important fact-checking site. It has been criticized for exhibiting systemic bias, particularly gender bias against women and geographical bias against the Global South. Wikipedia has been praised for its enablement of the democratization of knowledge, extent of coverage, unique structure, and culture. Wikipedia's combined editions comprise more than 61 million articles, attracting around 2 billion unique device visits per month and more than 15 million edits per month (about 5.8 edits per second on average) as of July 2023. Initially available only in English, versions in other languages were quickly developed. Created by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on January 15, 2001, it is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American non-profit organization. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history, and has consistently been one of the 10 most popular websites. Wikipedia is a free-content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, collectively known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and using a wiki-based editing system called MediaWiki. ".Most text is also dual-licensed under GFDL media licensing varies It's a bid broad, as it does not check if the file is a proper ZIP file (just if it contains PKZIP dir records), and it doesn't check if there are at least 2 PKZIP records and it does not check the order of " /" and ". It's very generic: it looks for PKZIP dir records: one with a filename that ends with " /" and one with a filename that contains both " /" and ". Should you need to analyse such samples, I recommend to use zipdump's option -f l.Īnd finally, I share a YARA rule I use to hunt for CVE-2023-38831 exploit files. There are even more complex exploits found in the wild, that are a concatenation of several zip files, or where the PKZIP records have been tampered with. In this sample, the directory ends with ".jpg ". To quickly find the file that will be executed, use the following trick: grep for the fileextension followed by a space character and a dot. In my example, it launches calc.exe:Įxploits found in the wild will contain many files. To know what the payload is of this PoC exploit, you need to analyze file 3. This output uses Python's binary string representation (b''), and here the space character can be clearly seen because of the ' delimiter. Therefor it is best to use option -f l to find and analyze all PKZIP records found inside the file: The space character at the end of file 2 is not visible with the default output of my tool zipdump. When this ZIP file is opened with a vulnerable version of WinRAR, and file 2 is double-clicked, file 3 is extracted and executed. a file inside folder 1, starting with filename 2 and with an extra extension, like.a file with the same name as the folder (also ending with space character).a folder ending with a space character (" /").Here is the output of zipdump analyzing a PoC file I created: The vulnerability is exploited with specially crafted ZIP files. My tool zipdump.py can be used to analyse the latest exploits of vulnerability CVE-2023-38831 in WinRAR.
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